Early Humans and Beginning of Civilisation Class 9 Social Science Solutions English Medium-MCQs

NCERT Solutions Class 9 Social Science English Medium

Early Humans and Beginning of Civilisation

Topic: MCQs

Chapter 4. Early Humans and Beginning of Civilisation

MCQs

1. Early human history mainly refers to the period before the invention of:

(A) Agriculture

(B) Writing

(C) Fire

(D) Metal tools

Answer: (B) Writing

2. Early human history is studied mainly through:

(A) Modern newspapers

(B) Archaeological evidence

(C) Printed books

(D) Digital records

Answer: (B) Archaeological evidence

3. The earliest known human ancestors evolved in:

(A) Europe

(B) Asia

(C) Africa

(D) Australia

Answer: (C) Africa

4. Which species represents modern human beings?

(A) Homo erectus

(B) Homo habilis

(C) Homo sapiens

(D) Homo neanderthalensis

Answer: (C) Homo sapiens

5. Which period is known as the Old Stone Age?

(A) Neolithic

(B) Mesolithic

(C) Palaeolithic

(D) Chalcolithic

Answer: (C) Palaeolithic

6. The Palaeolithic people mainly followed which lifestyle?

(A) Industrial

(B) Hunting and gathering

(C) Urban farming

(D) Long-distance trade

Answer: (B) Hunting and gathering

7. Which tools were commonly used during the Palaeolithic period?

(A) Iron ploughs

(B) Handaxes and cleavers

(C) Bronze swords

(D) Steel tools

Answer: (B) Handaxes and cleavers

8. The Mesolithic period was characterised by the use of:

(A) Microlithic tools

(B) Iron tools

(C) Steel tools

(D) Machines

Answer: (A) Microlithic tools

9. The Neolithic period marked a major shift towards:

(A) Hunting only

(B) Agriculture and settled life

(C) Industrial production

(D) Maritime trade

Answer: (B) Agriculture and settled life

10. Which process was an important feature of the Neolithic period?

(A) Domestication of animals

(B) Invention of computers

(C) Industrialisation

(D) Printing

Answer: (A) Domestication of animals

11. Which site is identified as an important early Neolithic site in the northwestern Indian subcontinent?

(A) Kalibangan

(B) Mehrgarh

(C) Ur

(D) Saqqara

Answer: (B) Mehrgarh

12. Mehrgarh is located on the:

(A) Nile River

(B) Bolan River

(C) Huang He

(D) Tigris River

Answer: (B) Bolan River

13. The Chalcolithic period is also known as the:

(A) Bronze and Iron Age

(B) Copper and Stone Age

(C) Old Stone Age

(D) New Stone Age

Answer: (B) Copper and Stone Age

14. Bronze is produced by mixing:

(A) Iron and copper

(B) Copper and tin

(C) Gold and silver

(D) Iron and tin

Answer: (B) Copper and tin

15. Which period witnessed the expansion of trade, towns, and early civilisations?

(A) Mesolithic

(B) Neolithic

(C) Bronze Age

(D) Palaeolithic

Answer: (C) Bronze Age

16. Which four major early civilisations are discussed in the chapter?

(A) Roman, Greek, Persian and Egyptian

(B) Sindhu–Sarasvatī, Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Chinese

(C) Greek, Roman, Chinese and Indian

(D) Egyptian, Roman, Greek and Harappan

Answer: (B) Sindhu–Sarasvatī, Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Chinese

17. The Mesopotamian civilisation developed mainly between which two rivers?

(A) Nile and Amazon

(B) Tigris and Euphrates

(C) Indus and Ganga

(D) Huang He and Yangtze

Answer: (B) Tigris and Euphrates

18. The word Mesopotamia means:

(A) Land of mountains

(B) Land of deserts

(C) Land in between

(D) Land of rivers

Answer: (C) Land in between

19. Which was the earliest city-based civilisation in Mesopotamia?

(A) Sumerian

(B) Egyptian

(C) Chinese

(D) Roman

Answer: (A) Sumerian

20. The Sumerians developed a system of:

(A) Dams and canals

(B) Railways

(C) Highways

(D) Modern pipelines

Answer: (A) Dams and canals

21. What were ziggurats?

(A) Irrigation canals

(B) Stepped temple structures

(C) Farming tools

(D) Writing instruments

Answer: (B) Stepped temple structures

22. Which writing system was developed by the Sumerians?

(A) Hieroglyphic

(B) Cuneiform

(C) Brahmi

(D) Latin

Answer: (B) Cuneiform

23. Cuneiform was written mainly on:

(A) Paper

(B) Clay tablets

(C) Cloth

(D) Wooden boards

Answer: (B) Clay tablets

24. The Sumerian number system was based on:

(A) 10

(B) 12

(C) 60

(D) 100

Answer: (C) 60

25. Which civilisation developed along the Nile River?

(A) Mesopotamian

(B) Egyptian

(C) Chinese

(D) Sindhu–Sarasvatī

Answer: (B) Egyptian

26. What was the fertile black soil of the Nile valley called by the Egyptians?

(A) Kemet

(B) Mesopotamia

(C) Sumer

(D) Anatolia

Answer: (A) Kemet

27. Which writing system was used in ancient Egypt?

(A) Cuneiform

(B) Hieroglyphic

(C) Pictographic Chinese only

(D) Latin

Answer: (B) Hieroglyphic

28. What was mummification?

(A) A method of farming

(B) A process of preserving the body after death

(C) A writing technique

(D) A method of making pottery

Answer: (B) A process of preserving the body after death

29. Which river basin is associated with early Chinese civilisation?

(A) Nile

(B) Euphrates

(C) Huang He

(D) Indus

Answer: (C) Huang He

30. Which material was particularly important in Chinese craftsmanship?

(A) Jade

(B) Plastic

(C) Aluminium

(D) Steel

Answer: (A) Jade

31. Chinese artisans mastered which technology to produce weapons, tools, and ritual vessels?

(A) Bronze metallurgy

(B) Steel manufacturing

(C) Glass manufacturing

(D) Paper manufacturing

Answer: (A) Bronze metallurgy

32. The Great Wall of China was initially built mainly for:

(A) Irrigation

(B) Defence against raids

(C) Religious ceremonies

(D) Transport

Answer: (B) Defence against raids

33. Which civilisation had strong contacts and trade with the Sindhu–Sarasvatī civilisation because of geographical proximity?

(A) Mesopotamian

(B) Egyptian

(C) Chinese

(D) Roman

Answer: (A) Mesopotamian

34. Which script of the Sindhu–Sarasvatī civilisation has not yet been deciphered?

(A) Cuneiform

(B) Hieroglyphic

(C) Harappan script

(D) Latin

Answer: (C) Harappan script

35. Which site provides evidence of a ploughed field with horizontal and vertical furrows?

(A) Mehrgarh

(B) Kalibangan

(C) Ur

(D) Saqqara

Answer: (B) Kalibangan

36. What was an important feature of Harappan economic activity?

(A) Standard weights and measures

(B) Paper currency

(C) Modern banking

(D) Industrial factories

Answer: (A) Standard weights and measures

37. Which Babylonian ruler is associated with the famous Code of Hammurabi?

(A) Hammurabi

(B) Ashoka

(C) Pharaoh Ramses

(D) Cyrus

Answer: (A) Hammurabi

38. Which of the following is a common feature of the major early river-valley civilisations?

(A) Agriculture

(B) Urban settlements

(C) Trade and crafts

(D) All of the above

Answer: (D) All of the above

39. Which age witnessed the widespread use of iron metallurgy?

(A) Stone Age

(B) Bronze Age

(C) Iron Age

(D) Mesolithic Age

Answer: (C) Iron Age

40. Which statement best describes the development of early civilisation?

(A) Civilisation appeared suddenly without earlier developments.

(B) It developed gradually through agriculture, technology, settlements, trade, writing, and social organisation.

(C) It developed only because of warfare.

(D) It developed only after the invention of iron.

Answer: (B) It developed gradually through agriculture, technology, settlements, trade, writing, and social organisation.

Answer Key

Q.	Ans.	Q.	Ans.	Q.	Ans.	Q.	Ans.
1	B	11	B	21	B	31	A
2	B	12	B	22	B	32	B
3	C	13	B	23	B	33	A
4	C	14	B	24	C	34	C
5	C	15	C	25	B	35	B
6	B	16	B	26	A	36	A
7	B	17	B	27	B	37	A
8	A	18	C	28	B	38	D
9	B	19	A	29	C	39	C
10	A	20	A	30	A	40	B

Chapter Coverage: Early Human History, Archaeological Evidence, Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Sindhu–Sarasvatī Civilisation, Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, Writing Systems, River Valleys, Technology, Trade and Early Civilisations.

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