12. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Class 10 Science Solutions English Medium-Long Additional Questions With Solutions

NCERT Solutions Class 10 Science English Medium

12. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Topic: Long Additional Questions With Solutions

Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Extra Important Questions with Answers

Q1. What is the magnetic effect of electric current?

Answer: The phenomenon in which an electric current produces a magnetic field around a conductor is called the magnetic effect of electric current.

Q2. Who discovered the magnetic effect of electric current?

Answer: Hans Christian Oersted discovered the magnetic effect of electric current in 1820.

Q3. What is a magnetic field?

Answer: A magnetic field is the region around a magnet or a current-carrying conductor where magnetic force can be experienced.

Q4. What are magnetic field lines?

Answer: Magnetic field lines are imaginary lines that represent the direction and strength of a magnetic field.

Q5. State any two properties of magnetic field lines.

Answer:

• Magnetic field lines never intersect each other.
• They form continuous closed curves.

Q6. What is the direction of magnetic field lines outside a bar magnet?

Answer: Outside a bar magnet, magnetic field lines move from the north pole to the south pole.

Q7. What happens to a compass needle when placed near a current-carrying conductor?

Answer: The compass needle gets deflected due to the magnetic field produced by the electric current.

Q8. State the Right-Hand Thumb Rule.

Answer: If the thumb of the right hand points in the direction of current, the curled fingers show the direction of the magnetic field around the conductor.

Q9. On what factors does the strength of the magnetic field around a straight conductor depend?

Answer: It depends on the magnitude of current flowing through the conductor and the distance from the conductor.

Q10. What is the shape of magnetic field lines around a straight current-carrying conductor?

Answer: They are concentric circles around the conductor.

Q11. How does the magnetic field change when the current through a conductor increases?

Answer: The strength of the magnetic field increases as the current increases.

Q12. What is a solenoid?

Answer: A solenoid is a long cylindrical coil made of many closely wound turns of insulated copper wire.

Q13. What type of magnetic field is produced inside a solenoid?

Answer: A strong and nearly uniform magnetic field is produced inside a solenoid.

Q14. Why is the magnetic field inside a solenoid considered uniform?

Answer: Because the magnetic field lines inside the solenoid are parallel and equally spaced.

Q15. What is an electromagnet?

Answer: An electromagnet is a temporary magnet produced by passing electric current through a coil wound around a soft iron core.

Q16. Mention two uses of electromagnets.

Answer:

• In electric bells.
• In cranes used for lifting heavy iron objects.

Q17. What is Fleming's Left-Hand Rule?

Answer: It gives the direction of force acting on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field.

Q18. State Fleming's Left-Hand Rule.

Answer: Stretch the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of the left hand mutually perpendicular. If the forefinger points towards the magnetic field and the middle finger towards the current, then the thumb gives the direction of the force or motion.

Q19. What is the force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field called?

Answer: It is called the magnetic force.

Q20. Name two factors on which the force acting on a current-carrying conductor depends.

Answer: The force depends on the strength of the magnetic field and the magnitude of current flowing through the conductor.

Q21. What is an electric motor?

Answer: An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Q22. On which principle does an electric motor work?

Answer: It works on the principle that a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force.

Q23. What is the function of a split-ring commutator in a DC motor?

Answer: It reverses the direction of current after every half rotation, allowing the motor to rotate continuously.

Q24. What is electromagnetic induction?

Answer: Electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon of producing electric current in a conductor by changing the magnetic field around it.

Q25. Who discovered electromagnetic induction?

Answer: Michael Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction.

Q26. What is an electric generator?

Answer: An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Q27. What is the basic principle of an electric generator?

Answer: It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Q28. What is the function of slip rings in an AC generator?

Answer: Slip rings transfer the induced alternating current from the rotating coil to the external circuit.

Q29. What is the function of an electric fuse?

Answer: An electric fuse protects electrical appliances and circuits from damage due to overloading or short circuit by melting when excessive current flows.

Q30. Why is earthing necessary in household electrical circuits?

Answer: Earthing provides a low-resistance path for leakage current to flow into the ground, protecting users from electric shock.

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