Adverbs (क्रिया-विशेषण) — परिचय और प्रकार

Definition: An Adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
It gives more information about how, when, where, how often, or to what extent an action is performed.

क्या है Adverb? (परिचय)

Adverb (हिंदी: क्रिया-विशेषण) क्रिया, विशेषण या अन्य क्रिया-विशेषण को अधिक स्पष्ट करता है। Adverb बताता है कैसे, कब, कहाँ, कितनी बार या कितनी हद तक कोई काम होता है।

सरल उदाहरण

1. He runs quickly. — यहाँ quickly बताता है कैसे वह दौड़ता है.
2. She arrived yesterday. — यहाँ yesterday बताता है कब वह आई।

Adverb के प्रमुख प्रकार

1. Adverbs of Manner — (कैसे)

• She writes neatly.

• The baby slept peacefully.

• They solved the problem carefully.

• The dog barked loudly.

• He runs quickly.

2. Adverbs of Time — (कब)

• I met him yesterday.

• We will leave tomorrow.

• She has already finished her work.

• The train arrived late.

• He always wakes up early.

3. Adverbs of Place — (कहाँ)

• The children are playing outside.

• She looked everywhere for her keys.

• The cat is hiding under the table.

• He lives nearby.

• They went abroad for studies.

4. Adverbs of Frequency — (कितनी बार)

• He always helps his friends.

• She sometimes forgets her homework.

• They rarely go to the cinema.

• I usually drink tea in the morning.

• We never lie to our parents.

5. Adverbs of Degree — (कितनी हद तक)

• He is very intelligent.

• She is extremely talented.

• The movie was quite interesting.

• I am almost ready.

• He hardly noticed the noise.

6. Adverbs of Certainty — (निश्चितता)

• They will definitely win the match.

• She is probably at home now.

• He certainly knew the answer.

• The weather will possibly improve tomorrow.

• You will surely succeed if you work hard.

7. Interrogative Adverbs — (प्रश्नवाचक)

• When will the train arrive?

• Where did you keep my book?

• Why are you late today?

• How did she solve the problem?

• What caused this problem?

Quick Tips

• Verb + Adverb: “She speaks fluently.”
• Adjective vs Adverb: “quick → quickly”.
• Sentence start: “Usually, I get up early.”

Practice

1. She finished the work ______. (quickly / quick)
2. The train arrived ______. (late / lately)
3. He is ______ honest. (completely / complete)

Answers: quickly, late, completely.