Chapter-Climates of India Social Science class 6 in english Medium CBSE Notes

Chapter 3. Climates of India

Assignment 4 – Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following describes weather?

   (a) Long-term atmospheric pattern
   (b) Short-term atmospheric condition
   (c) Geographical location
   (d) Seasonal festival

2. Which factor explains why high-altitude places are cooler?

   (a) Latitude
   (b) Altitude
   (c) Ocean currents
   (d) Population

3. Which of the following is one of the major factors affecting India's climate?

   (a) Latitude
   (b) Population density
   (c) Language
   (d) Religion

4. The word 'monsoon' is derived from which Arabic word?

   (a) Mausim
   (b) Mausam
   (c) Mawsin
   (d) Masam

5. Which place is famous for receiving exceptionally high rainfall?

   (a) Jaipur
   (b) Leh
   (c) Mawsynram
   (d) Delhi

6. Which winds bring most of India's monsoon rainfall?

   (a) Northeast monsoon winds
   (b) Southwest monsoon winds
   (c) Westerly winds
   (d) Polar winds

7. Which geographical feature acts as an important barrier to monsoon winds?

   (a) Himalayas
   (b) Thar Desert only
   (c) Northern Plains
   (d) Coastal Plains

8. Which of the following is an example of a climate-related disaster?

   (a) Cyclone
   (b) Traffic jam
   (c) Power cut
   (d) Road accident

9. Which organisation monitors cyclones and provides weather warnings in India?

   (a) NDRF
   (b) IMD
   (c) RBI
   (d) ISRO

10. Which force is specially trained to respond to disasters in India?

    (a) NDRF
    (b) IMD
    (c) RBI
    (d) Election Commission

11. Which of the following can increase the risk of landslides?

    (a) Afforestation
    (b) Deforestation
    (c) Rainwater harvesting
    (d) Soil conservation

12. Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

    (a) Solar energy
    (b) Wind energy
    (c) Coal
    (d) Sunlight

13. Which gases contribute to the greenhouse effect?

    (a) Greenhouse gases
    (b) Only oxygen
    (c) Only nitrogen
    (d) Water vapour alone

14. What does climate mitigation mean?

    (a) Increasing greenhouse gas emissions
    (b) Reducing the causes of climate change
    (c) Increasing deforestation
    (d) Increasing wasteful consumption

15. Which of the following helps build resilience to climate-related disasters?

    (a) Disaster preparedness
    (b) Deforestation
    (c) Blocking natural waterways
    (d) Unplanned construction

Assignment 1 – Very Short Answer Questions

1. What is weather?
2. What is climate?
3. What is a season?
4. What is a monsoon?
5. What does the word mausim mean?
6. What is a microclimate?
7. What is an urban heat island?
8. Which place receives the highest average annual rainfall in the world?
9. What is a cyclone?
10. What is a flood?
11. What is a landslide?
12. What is a forest fire?
13. What is climate change?
14. What are fossil fuels?
15. What is the greenhouse effect?
16. What is mitigation?
17. What is resilience?
18. What does sustainable mean?

Assignment 2 – Fill in the Blanks

1. The condition of the atmosphere over a short period is called __________.
2. The long-term pattern of weather of a region is called __________.
3. The word monsoon comes from the Arabic word __________.
4. Higher places are generally __________ than low-lying places.
5. The sea acts as a __________ of temperature.
6. The southwest monsoon generally begins from the __________ tip of India.
7. The Western Ghats act as a natural __________ to monsoon winds.
8. __________ in Meghalaya receives exceptionally high rainfall.
9. An uncontrolled fire spreading across vegetation is called a __________.
10. The sudden movement of rock, soil or debris down a slope is called a __________.
11. Coal, petroleum and natural gas are examples of __________ fuels.
12. Increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere contributes to __________ warming.

Assignment 3 – True or False

1. Weather and climate mean exactly the same thing.
2. Climate is studied over a long period.
3. Places at higher altitudes are generally cooler.
4. Coastal areas usually experience more extreme temperatures than inland areas.
5. The southwest monsoon brings most of India's monsoon rainfall.
6. The northeast monsoon generally blows from the ocean towards the land.
7. Mountains can influence the movement of winds and distribution of rainfall.
8. Mawsynram receives very high annual rainfall.
9. Floods can be caused by heavy rainfall.
10. Deforestation can increase the risk of landslides.
11. Greenhouse gases have no effect on Earth's temperature.
12. Mitigation aims to reduce the causes of climate change.

Assignment 4 – Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following describes weather?

   (a) Long-term atmospheric pattern
   (b) Short-term atmospheric condition
   (c) Geographical location
   (d) Seasonal festival

2. Which factor explains why high-altitude places are cooler?

   (a) Latitude
   (b) Altitude
   (c) Ocean currents
   (d) Population

3. Which geographical feature acts as a barrier to monsoon winds?

   (a) Thar Desert
   (b) Himalayas and Western Ghats
   (c) Northern Plains only
   (d) Coastal plains only

4. The southwest monsoon generally brings winds:

   (a) From land towards the ocean
   (b) From ocean towards land
   (c) From mountains towards deserts
   (d) From deserts towards mountains

5. Which place is famous for receiving exceptionally high rainfall?

   (a) Jaipur
   (b) Leh
   (c) Mawsynram
   (d) Delhi

6. Which organisation monitors cyclones in India?

   (a) NDRF
   (b) IMD
   (c) RBI
   (d) ISRO

7. Which force is specially trained for disaster response?

   (a) NDRF
   (b) IMD
   (c) Election Commission
   (d) Archaeological Survey of India

8. Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

   (a) Solar energy
   (b) Wind energy
   (c) Coal
   (d) Sunlight

9. Which process traps heat in Earth's atmosphere naturally?

   (a) Water cycle
   (b) Greenhouse effect
   (c) Rock cycle
   (d) Soil formation

10. Which of the following is a mitigation measure?

    (a) Increasing greenhouse gas emissions
    (b) Reducing emissions
    (c) Cutting more forests
    (d) Increasing wasteful consumption

Assignment 5 – Match the Following

Column A	Column B
1. Weather	a. Height above sea level
2. Altitude	b. Short-term atmospheric condition
3. Monsoon	c. Seasonal wind system
4. Cyclone	d. Intense low-pressure system
5. Landslide	e. Movement of soil, rock or debris down a slope
6. Mitigation	f. Steps to reduce causes of climate change

Assignment 6 – Short Answer Questions

1. Differentiate between weather and climate.
2. Why do coastal areas generally have moderate temperatures?
3. How does altitude affect the climate of a place?
4. Explain any three factors that affect the climate of India.
5. Why is India's climate described as diverse?
6. How are monsoon winds formed?
7. Differentiate between the southwest monsoon and northeast monsoon.
8. Why are the Western Ghats important for India's rainfall?
9. How does climate influence agriculture?
10. How can poor rainfall affect people's lives and the economy?
11. How can climate influence Indian culture and festivals?
12. What is a microclimate? Give one example.
13. What is an urban heat island?
14. How can human activities increase the risk of landslides?
15. What are the major effects of forest fires?

Assignment 7 – Long Answer Questions

1. Explain the major factors that determine the climate of India.

2. Describe the formation and movement of the Indian monsoon.

3. Explain how climate affects agriculture, culture, livelihoods and the economy of India.

4. Describe the major climate-related disasters in India and explain their causes and effects.

5. What is climate change? Explain its major human causes and effects.

6. Explain the greenhouse effect and its connection with global warming.

7. What measures can be taken to reduce the causes of climate change and build resilience?

Assignment 8 – Case-Based Questions

Read the case and answer the questions.

In 2013, Uttarakhand experienced a devastating disaster. Continuous heavy rainfall contributed to a glacial burst, followed by floods and landslides. Several villages were washed away and roads and bridges were destroyed. Many people, including pilgrims, lost their lives.

1. Which state experienced this disaster?
2. What natural conditions contributed to the disaster?
3. What is a glacial burst?
4. Name two other disasters that followed or were associated with the event.
5. How can proper disaster preparedness reduce the impact of such events?

Assignment 9 – Competency-Based Questions

1. Mumbai and Nagpur are located at nearly similar latitudes, but Mumbai generally has a more moderate climate. Explain why.

2. Ooty is cooler than Coimbatore even though both places are located at nearly the same latitude. Which climatic factor explains this difference?

3. A city receives heavy rainfall but experiences severe waterlogging. What human factors could make urban flooding worse?

4. A hilly region experiences heavy monsoon rainfall after extensive deforestation and construction. Why might the risk of landslides increase?

5. A farmer depends mainly on monsoon rainfall. The monsoon is weak that year. Explain two possible economic effects on the farmer and the wider community.

6. A city has many concrete buildings and very little vegetation. Why might it be warmer than the surrounding rural areas?

Assignment 10 – Map Work

On an outline map of India, locate and label the following:

• Leh
• Chennai
• Delhi
• Panaji
• Jaipur
• Mawsynram
• Himalayas
• Western Ghats
• Thar Desert
• Bay of Bengal
• Arabian Sea

Assignment 11 – Think and Answer

1. Why is the monsoon considered important for the Indian economy?
2. Why can the same amount of rainfall have different effects in different regions?
3. Why can mountains influence the rainfall of a region?
4. Why should natural waterways be protected in cities?
5. Why can deforestation increase the risk of landslides?
6. Why is the natural greenhouse effect important for life?
7. Why does an increase in greenhouse gases become a problem?
8. Why are mitigation and adaptation both necessary to deal with climate change?

Assignment 12 – HOTS Questions

1. Suppose India received very little monsoon rainfall for several years. Explain how this could affect agriculture, water availability, migration, food prices and industries.

2. Two cities are located at the same latitude. One is on the coast and the other is far inland. Predict which city would have greater temperature variation and explain your reasoning.

3. A mountain slope has been cleared of forests for construction. During the monsoon, the area receives very heavy rainfall. Explain why this combination can be dangerous.

4. How can traditional knowledge and modern scientific forecasting complement each other in understanding the monsoon?

5. If greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase, what kinds of changes might human societies and natural systems have to adapt to?

Assignment 13 – Activity-Based Questions

1. Maintain a seven-day weather record of your locality. Record temperature, rainfall, cloud cover and wind conditions. At the end, describe how the weather changed during the week.

2. Find out whether your locality has ever experienced a flood, cyclone, landslide, forest fire or another climate-related disaster. Write its cause, effects and preventive measures.

3. Observe the vegetation and built-up areas around your locality. Discuss whether the area could experience an urban heat island effect.

4. Prepare a poster showing five ways by which students can adopt a more sustainable lifestyle.

Assignment 14 – Assertion and Reason

1. Assertion: Coastal areas generally experience moderate temperatures.

   Reason: Water heats and cools more slowly than land.

2. Assertion: High-altitude places are generally cooler.

   Reason: Temperature generally decreases with increase in altitude.

3. Assertion: The Western Ghats receive heavy rainfall on their western slopes.

   Reason: The Western Ghats act as a barrier to moisture-laden monsoon winds.

4. Assertion: Deforestation can increase the risk of landslides.

   Reason: Removal of vegetation can reduce the stability of slopes.

5. Assertion: Human activities can contribute to climate change.

   Reason: Activities such as burning fossil fuels increase greenhouse gas emissions.

Assignment 15 – Research and Presentation

1. Prepare a short presentation on the Indian monsoon.
2. Prepare a chart showing the six traditional seasons of India.
3. Prepare a case study of any major cyclone that affected India.
4. Prepare a poster on climate change and its effects on India.
5. Prepare a presentation on the role of IMD and NDRF in disaster management.

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