Chapter-Chapter 2. Nationalism in India History class 10 in english Medium CBSE Notes

Assignments for Preparation

Practice the following questions carefully to strengthen your conceptual understanding, improve answer-writing skills, and prepare effectively for the CBSE Board Examination 2026–27.

Attempt the following Multiple Choice Questions carefully. Choose the most appropriate answer for each question.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Who introduced the method of Satyagraha in India?

(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Subhas Chandra Bose

2. In which year did Mahatma Gandhi return to India?

(a) 1914
(b) 1915
(c) 1916
(d) 1917

3. Gandhi's first successful Satyagraha in India was launched at:

(a) Kheda
(b) Ahmedabad
(c) Champaran
(d) Bardoli

4. The Champaran movement was mainly related to:

(a) Salt Tax
(b) Indigo Cultivation
(c) Forest Rights
(d) Cotton Mills

5. Which movement was organised in support of peasants affected by crop failure?

(a) Champaran Satyagraha
(b) Ahmedabad Strike
(c) Kheda Satyagraha
(d) Bardoli Movement

6. The Ahmedabad movement was associated with:

(a) Tea Garden Workers
(b) Textile Mill Workers
(c) Railway Employees
(d) Indigo Farmers

7. Which Act was popularly known as the Black Act?

(a) Salt Act
(b) Government of India Act
(c) Rowlatt Act
(d) Arms Act

8. The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place on:

(a) 6 April 1919
(b) 13 April 1919
(c) 15 August 1919
(d) 30 January 1920

9. Who ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh?

(a) Lord Curzon
(b) Lord Irwin
(c) General Dyer
(d) Lord Mountbatten

10. The Khilafat Movement was led by:

(a) Tilak Brothers
(b) Ali Brothers
(c) Bose Brothers
(d) Nehru Brothers

11. The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in:

(a) 1919
(b) 1920
(c) 1921
(d) 1922

12. Which of the following was promoted during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

(a) Foreign Cloth
(b) British Goods
(c) Khadi and Swadeshi
(d) Imported Salt

13. The Civil Disobedience Movement began with the:

(a) Champaran Satyagraha
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Dandi March
(d) Khilafat Movement

14. The Dandi March started from:

(a) Wardha
(b) Champaran
(c) Sabarmati Ashram
(d) Amritsar

15. Which law did Gandhi break during the Dandi March?

(a) Forest Law
(b) Salt Law
(c) Arms Act
(d) Press Act

16. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in:

(a) 1930
(b) 1931
(c) 1932
(d) 1935

17. Which movement gave the slogan "Do or Die"?

(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Civil Disobedience Movement
(c) Quit India Movement
(d) Swadeshi Movement

18. The Quit India Movement was launched in:

(a) 1939
(b) 1940
(c) 1942
(d) 1945

19. Which principle was the foundation of Gandhi's movements?

(a) Violence and Revolution
(b) Truth and Non-violence
(c) Armed Struggle
(d) Military Action

20. The main objective of the Indian National Movement was to:

(a) Expand British Rule
(b) Support Colonial Government
(c) Achieve Independence from British Rule
(d) Increase Foreign Trade

Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark)

1. What is Satyagraha?

2. In which year did Mahatma Gandhi return to India?

3. Where was Gandhi's first successful Satyagraha launched in India?

4. Name the system followed by indigo planters in Champaran.

5. Why was the Rowlatt Act called the Black Act?

6. On which date did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre take place?

7. Who ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh?

8. Who were the leaders of the Khilafat Movement?

9. In which year was the Non-Cooperation Movement launched?

10. What was the main objective of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

11. From which place did the Dandi March begin?

12. In which year was the Civil Disobedience Movement launched?

13. What was the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?

14. Which slogan was given during the Quit India Movement?

15. In which year was the Quit India Movement launched?

Short Answer Questions (2–3 Marks)

1. Explain the main principles of Satyagraha.

2. Why is the Champaran Satyagraha considered a turning point in Gandhi's political career?

3. Describe the causes of the Kheda Satyagraha.

4. Explain the main provisions of the Rowlatt Act.

5. What were the consequences of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?

6. Explain the objectives of the Khilafat Movement.

7. Describe the programme of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

8. Why did Mahatma Gandhi withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?

9. Explain the significance of the Dandi March in India's freedom struggle.

10. Differentiate between the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

1. Explain the growth of nationalism in India under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.

2. Describe the causes, events, and impact of the Rowlatt Satyagraha and the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

3. Explain the causes, programme, and significance of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

4. Describe the Civil Disobedience Movement. Why did Mahatma Gandhi choose salt as the symbol of protest?

5. Explain the role of rich peasants, poor peasants, business groups, and women in the Civil Disobedience Movement.

6. Discuss the significance of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in the Indian National Movement.

7. Explain the causes and importance of the Quit India Movement.

8. "Nationalism in India developed through a series of mass movements." Justify the statement with suitable examples.

Assertion and Reason Questions

1.
Assertion (A): Satyagraha was based on truth and non-violence.
Reason (R): Mahatma Gandhi believed that injustice could be defeated through peaceful resistance.

2.
Assertion (A): The Rowlatt Act was popularly known as the Black Act.
Reason (R): It allowed the British Government to arrest people without trial.

3.
Assertion (A): The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre increased nationalist feelings in India.
Reason (R): General Dyer ordered troops to fire on an unarmed gathering.

4.
Assertion (A): The Khilafat Movement strengthened Hindu-Muslim unity.
Reason (R): Mahatma Gandhi supported the Khilafat leaders.

5.
Assertion (A): The Non-Cooperation Movement encouraged Indians to cooperate with the British Government.
Reason (R): Gandhi wanted Indians to boycott British institutions and foreign goods.

6.
Assertion (A): The Dandi March became the symbol of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Reason (R): Gandhi broke the Salt Law at Dandi.

7.
Assertion (A): Salt was selected because it affected every section of society.
Reason (R): Salt was an essential commodity used by all people.

8.
Assertion (A): The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in 1931.
Reason (R): Gandhi agreed to attend the Second Round Table Conference.

9.
Assertion (A): Women actively participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Reason (R): They joined marches, picketed liquor shops, and promoted khadi.

10.
Assertion (A): The Quit India Movement was the final mass movement against British rule.
Reason (R): Mahatma Gandhi gave the slogan "Do or Die".

Case-Based Questions

Case Study 1

After returning from South Africa in 1915, Mahatma Gandhi introduced the method of Satyagraha in India. His early movements at Champaran, Kheda, and Ahmedabad demonstrated that peaceful resistance could successfully challenge injustice.

1. In which year did Mahatma Gandhi return to India?

2. What is meant by Satyagraha?

3. Name any two early movements led by Gandhi.

Case Study 2

The Rowlatt Act of 1919 gave extraordinary powers to the British Government. It allowed arrests without trial and imposed restrictions on civil liberties. The Act was strongly opposed throughout the country.

1. Why was the Rowlatt Act called the Black Act?

2. Mention any two provisions of the Act.

3. How did Indians protest against this law?

Case Study 3

On 13 April 1919, thousands of people gathered peacefully at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. General Reginald Dyer ordered his troops to open fire without warning, resulting in hundreds of deaths.

1. Where did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre take place?

2. Who ordered the firing?

3. Explain one impact of the massacre on the national movement.

Case Study 4

In March 1930, Mahatma Gandhi began the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram to protest against the British Salt Law. The march attracted nationwide attention and became the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

1. From where did the Dandi March begin?

2. Why did Gandhi choose salt as the symbol of protest?

3. Name the movement that began with the Dandi March.

Case Study 5

People from different sections of society—including peasants, women, business groups, and workers—participated in the Indian National Movement. Although each group had different demands, they shared the common objective of ending British rule.

1. Name any two social groups that participated in the national movement.

2. Why did business groups support the movement?

3. How did women's participation strengthen the freedom struggle?

Source-Based Questions

Source 1

"Satyagraha was a method of peaceful resistance based on truth and non-violence. Gandhi believed that injustice could be defeated through moral strength rather than violence."

1. What is Satyagraha?

2. On which two principles was it based?

3. Why did Gandhi prefer non-violent resistance?

Source 2

"The Rowlatt Act empowered the British Government to arrest people without trial and suppress political activities. Indians strongly opposed this legislation."

1. Which Act is referred to in the source?

2. Why was it unpopular among Indians?

3. How did Gandhi respond to this Act?

Source 3

"The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre shocked the entire nation and marked a turning point in India's struggle for freedom."

1. On which date did the massacre take place?

2. Name the British officer responsible for the firing.

3. Mention one effect of this incident on Indian nationalism.

Source 4

"The Civil Disobedience Movement began with the Dandi March. Gandhi openly violated the Salt Law to challenge British authority."

1. Which law was broken during the Dandi March?

2. In which year did the movement begin?

3. Why was salt chosen as the symbol of protest?

Source 5

"The Quit India Movement of 1942 became the final mass movement against British rule. Gandhi called upon the people to 'Do or Die' in the struggle for freedom."

1. In which year was the Quit India Movement launched?

2. What slogan was given by Mahatma Gandhi?

3. Why is the Quit India Movement considered a landmark in India's freedom struggle?

Competency-Based Questions

1. Explain how Mahatma Gandhi transformed the Indian National Movement into a mass movement through the idea of Satyagraha.

2. Why did Gandhi select salt as the symbol of protest instead of any other commodity?

3. Compare the objectives and methods of the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Civil Disobedience Movement.

4. How did the participation of peasants strengthen the Indian National Movement?

5. Explain the role of women in the Civil Disobedience Movement with suitable examples.

6. Why did business groups support the national movement despite economic risks?

7. Explain how the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre changed Indian public opinion towards British rule.

8. How did the Khilafat Movement help strengthen Indian nationalism?

9. Explain the importance of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in the freedom struggle.

10. Why is the Quit India Movement regarded as the final mass movement before India's independence?

Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

1. "Satyagraha was more powerful than violence." Do you agree? Give reasons.

2. If the Rowlatt Act had not been passed, would the national movement have followed the same course? Explain your opinion.

3. Why did Gandhi withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement after the Chauri Chaura incident? Was his decision justified?

4. Explain why the Civil Disobedience Movement received greater public participation than earlier movements.

5. How did different social groups contribute differently to the growth of nationalism in India?

6. "The Dandi March was not only a protest against salt tax but also against British colonial rule." Explain.

7. Evaluate the importance of Hindu-Muslim unity during the Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movements.

8. Why do historians describe the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre as a turning point in India's freedom struggle?

9. How did national symbols help create a feeling of unity among Indians?

10. Explain how Mahatma Gandhi's leadership changed the nature of the Indian freedom movement.

Map-Based Questions

1. Locate and label Champaran on the political map of India.

2. Locate and label Kheda.

3. Locate and label Ahmedabad.

4. Mark Amritsar, the site of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

5. Draw and label the route of the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi.

Chronology / Timeline Questions

1. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
Champaran Satyagraha, Rowlatt Act, Dandi March, Quit India Movement.

2. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
Kheda Satyagraha, Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, Non-Cooperation Movement, Gandhi-Irwin Pact.

3. Write the correct year for each event:
(a) Champaran Satyagraha
(b) Rowlatt Act
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Quit India Movement

4. Prepare a timeline showing the major events from 1915 to 1942.

5. Which event occurred first and which occurred last?
Champaran Satyagraha, Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, Dandi March, Quit India Movement.

Match the Following

1.

Column A	Column B
Champaran	Indigo Farmers
Kheda	Peasants' Tax Struggle
Ahmedabad	Mill Workers' Strike
Dandi	Salt March
Amritsar	Jallianwala Bagh

2. Match the following leaders with their contributions.

Leader	Contribution
Mahatma Gandhi	Satyagraha
Baba Ramchandra	Peasant Movement in Awadh
Alluri Sitarama Raju	Tribal Movement
Ali Brothers	Khilafat Movement
General Dyer	Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

Identify the Personality

1. I introduced the method of Satyagraha in India after returning from South Africa. Who am I?

2. I ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh on 13 April 1919. Who am I?

3. We led the Khilafat Movement and worked closely with Mahatma Gandhi. Who are we?

4. I led the peasant movement in Awadh and mobilised farmers against oppressive landlords. Who am I?

5. I led the tribal rebellion in the Andhra Pradesh region during the national movement. Who am I?

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