Cell: The structural and functional unit of living organisms is called cell.

This is the smaalest unit od body, which can only be seen with the microscope.

Some organisms are made of a cell called unicellular organism - like amoeba and some bacterias.

Major parts of the cell:

(i) Cell wall: the outermost wall in plant cells made up of complex carbohydrate which is called cell wall.

(ii) Cell membrane: The cell is surrounded by a thin external structure called the cell membrane.

(iii) Nucleus: There is a distinct structure located in the center of the cell, which is called a centrifuge.

(iv) Cytoplasm: The nucleus is surrounded by a substance similar to jellies, Which is called cytoplasm.

Diagram of cell

Examining the presence of starch in the leaves:

If the leaves have starch, then it indicates that the process of photosynthesis has taken place. Starch is also a type of carbohydrate. To test this, we will plant two types of two plants and keep one in the dark for 72 hours, and we can test the present in the sun by dropping the iodine billions droplets on the plants of both the plants in the sunlight. | When iodine comes in contact with billions (starch) then a dark blue color comes up. This shows the presence of starch in the leaves.

Synthesis of foods in plants:

(i) Synthesis of carbohydrate: The synthesis of carbohydrate in plants is done by photosynthesis which is formed by carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

(ii) Synthesis of proteins: Protein is a nitrogenous substance which contains the amount of nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. There are some specialized bacteria named Rhizobium in the soil which convert gaseous nitrogen into useful compounds and release it in soil. These solvents are absorbed by the plants with water. These bacteria will stabilize these atmospheres of nitrogen into nitrates. These nitrate plants are used in protein synthesis.