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Chapter-Chapter 8. A Journey through States of Water Science Curiosity class 6 in english Medium CBSE Notes
CBSE Class 6 Science Curiosity Notes in English Medium based on latest NCERT syllabus, covering definitions, diagrams, formulas, and exam-oriented explanations.
Chapter 8. A Journey through States of Water
CBSE Notes - Key Points
Chapter 8. A Journey through States of Water
These CBSE Notes – Key Points are prepared according to the latest NCERT Curiosity textbook and the current CBSE pattern. They provide a quick revision of important concepts, scientific terms, definitions, processes, and applications covered in the chapter.
CBSE Notes – Key Points
This section helps students revise the chapter quickly before examinations. Learn the important definitions, keywords, tables, and facts carefully for better conceptual understanding.
Important Keywords
The following keywords are frequently used in this chapter and are important from the examination point of view.
| Keyword | Meaning |
|---|---|
| State of Matter | The physical form in which a substance exists. |
| Solid | A state having a fixed shape and fixed volume. |
| Liquid | A state having a fixed volume but no fixed shape. |
| Gas | A state having neither fixed shape nor fixed volume. |
| Water Vapour | The gaseous form of water. |
| Evaporation | Conversion of liquid water into water vapour. |
| Condensation | Conversion of water vapour into liquid water. |
| Melting | Conversion of a solid into a liquid. |
| Freezing | Conversion of a liquid into a solid. |
| Humidity | The amount of water vapour present in the air. |
| Water Cycle | Continuous movement of water in nature. |
Important Definitions
Students should remember these definitions as they are frequently asked in one-mark and competency-based questions.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evaporation | The process by which liquid water changes into water vapour. |
| Condensation | The process by which water vapour changes into liquid water after cooling. |
| Melting | The process of changing a solid into a liquid on heating. |
| Freezing | The process of changing a liquid into a solid on cooling. |
| Water Cycle | The continuous circulation of water between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere. |
States of Water
Water is one of the few substances that naturally exists in three different physical states.
| State | Example | Main Property |
|---|---|---|
| Solid | Ice | Fixed shape and fixed volume |
| Liquid | Water | Fixed volume but no fixed shape |
| Gas | Water Vapour | No fixed shape and no fixed volume |
Changes of State
Heating and cooling change water from one state to another. No new substance is formed during these changes.
| Process | State Change | Cause |
|---|---|---|
| Melting | Solid → Liquid | Heating |
| Evaporation | Liquid → Gas | Heating or Room Temperature |
| Condensation | Gas → Liquid | Cooling |
| Freezing | Liquid → Solid | Cooling |
Factors Affecting Evaporation
The rate of evaporation depends upon several environmental conditions.
| Factor | Effect |
|---|---|
| High Temperature | Evaporation increases. |
| Large Surface Area | Evaporation increases. |
| High Wind Speed | Evaporation increases. |
| High Humidity | Evaporation decreases. |
Cooling Effect of Evaporation
Evaporation absorbs heat from the surroundings, producing a cooling effect.
Examples:
- Sweating cools our body.
- Water remains cool in an earthen pot.
- Hand sanitiser produces a cooling sensation.
- Wet clothes dry with cooling.
Cloud Formation
Clouds are formed through condensation of water vapour in the atmosphere.
- Sun heats water bodies.
- Water evaporates.
- Water vapour rises.
- Cool air causes condensation.
- Tiny droplets form clouds.
- Heavy droplets fall as rain.
The Water Cycle
The water cycle continuously recycles water in nature.
| Stage | Description |
|---|---|
| Evaporation | Water changes into vapour. |
| Condensation | Clouds are formed. |
| Precipitation | Rain, snow or hail falls. |
| Collection | Water gathers in rivers, lakes, oceans and groundwater. |
Properties of Different States of Water
The three states of water have different physical properties.
| Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shape | Fixed | No fixed shape | No fixed shape |
| Volume | Fixed | Fixed | No fixed volume |
| Flow | No | Yes | Yes |
Applications in Daily Life
The concepts learnt in this chapter are applied in many everyday situations.
- Drying of clothes.
- Cooling through sweating.
- Preparation of common salt from seawater.
- Storage of water in earthen pots.
- Cloud formation and rainfall.
- Food preservation using pot coolers.
- Weather forecasting.
- Understanding natural water circulation.
Important Facts
Remember these important facts for quick revision.
- Water naturally exists in three states.
- Evaporation occurs at all temperatures.
- Condensation is the opposite of evaporation.
- No new substance is formed during change of state.
- Wind increases the rate of evaporation.
- Humidity decreases evaporation.
- Evaporation produces cooling.
- Clouds are formed due to condensation.
- The Sun is the main source of energy for the water cycle.
- The water cycle maintains the balance of water in nature.
Quick Revision
Revise these points before your examination.
- Ice, water and water vapour are three states of the same substance.
- Melting changes solid into liquid.
- Freezing changes liquid into solid.
- Evaporation changes liquid into gas.
- Condensation changes gas into liquid.
- Higher temperature increases evaporation.
- Greater surface area increases evaporation.
- Moving air increases evaporation.
- High humidity slows evaporation.
- Sweating cools the body due to evaporation.
- Clouds form because of condensation.
- Rain is an important stage of the water cycle.
- The water cycle is essential for life on Earth.
See other sub-topics of this chapter:
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