Chapter-4. Carbon and its Compounds Science class 10 in english Medium CBSE Notes

Making Carbon Skeletons:

Skeletons of Carbon Atoms: 

(i) Straight Carbon chain: When carbon atoms are linked together in staight chain. 

E.g:

                  C-C-C-C

(ii) Branches Carbon chain: When carbon atoms are linked together in staight chain. 

E.g: 

(iii) Ring Carbon chain: When carbon atoms are linked together in ringh shape.

E.g: 

Structural Isomers: 

Compounds with identical molecular formula but different structures are called structural isomers.

Example 1: Structural Isomers of Butane; Whoose molecular formula is C₄H₁₀.

Structure Isomer (I) of Butane            Structure Isomer (II) of Butane

Example 2: Structural Isomers of Butene (double bond); Whoose molecular formula is C₄H₈.

Structure Isomer (I) of Butene            Structure Isomer (II) of Butene

Ring Skeletons in Hydrocarbons: 

Structure of cyclohexane molecule (C₆H₁₂)

Structure of Benzene Molecules (C₆H₆)