Chapter-Chapter 3. The Making of a Global World SOCIAL SCIENCE-HISTORY class 10 in english Medium CBSE Notes

Class 10 History – Chapter 3: The Making of a Global World

Quick Revision Notes (Short Terms & Important Events)

1. Silk Routes

• The Silk Routes linked Asia with Europe and North Africa.
• Trade in silk, spices, textiles, and precious stones took place.
• Ideas, religions, and cultures also spread through these routes.

2. Food Travels

• Food items travelled across continents through trade and migration.
• Example: Potatoes, maize, tomatoes, and chillies travelled from America to Europe and Asia.
• These crops changed eating habits and agriculture worldwide.

3. The Discovery of America

• Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.
• This discovery opened new trade routes and global connections.
• It also led to colonization and exploitation of native people.

4. European Conquest of America

• Europeans conquered large parts of America.
• Native populations declined due to diseases and wars.
• Europeans started plantations and mining activities.

5. Slave Trade

• African slaves were transported to America to work on plantations.
• This system was known as the Atlantic slave trade.
• Millions of Africans were forcibly taken from their homeland.

6. The Nineteenth Century World Economy

• The nineteenth century saw rapid economic growth.
• Trade, migration, and capital flows connected different regions.
• Railways and steamships improved transportation.

7. Role of Technology

• Railways, steamships, and telegraphs improved communication and transport.
• These technologies made international trade faster and cheaper.

8. Colonialism

• European countries established colonies in Asia and Africa.
• Colonies provided raw materials and markets for European industries.

9. Indentured Labour

• After the abolition of slavery, labourers were recruited under contracts.
• Indian labourers were sent to plantations in the Caribbean, Fiji, and Mauritius.
• This system was known as indentured labour.

10. Global Agricultural Economy

• Large farms were developed to produce crops for global markets.
• Example: Wheat farming expanded in America and Australia.

11. The Great Depression (1929)

• The Great Depression began in 1929.
• It caused a major economic crisis worldwide.
• Trade declined and unemployment increased.

12. Impact of the Depression on India

• Indian agricultural exports declined.
• Farmers faced heavy losses and falling prices.
• Rural poverty increased during this period.

13. Recovery after the Depression

• After the 1930s, global trade slowly recovered.
• Economic policies changed in many countries.

14. Post-war International Economic System

• After World War II, a new international economic system was created.
• Institutions like the IMF and World Bank were established.

15. Globalisation

• Globalisation refers to the integration of economies and societies across the world.
• Trade, technology, and communication connected countries more closely.

Class 10, all subjects CBSE Notes in english medium, cbse class 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE-HISTORY notes, class 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE-HISTORY notes english medium, cbse 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE-HISTORY cbse notes, class 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE-HISTORY revision notes, cbse class 10 SOCIAL SCIENCE-HISTORY study material, ncert class 10 science notes pdf, class 10 science exam preparation, cbse class 10 physics chemistry biology notes