1. Sets Mathematics Class 11 In English Medium Ncert Book Solutions Exercise 1.6
1. Sets : Exercise 1.6 Mathematics class 11th:English Medium NCERT Book Solutions
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1. Sets
Exercise 1.6
Exercise 1.6
Q1. If X and Y are two sets such that n ( X ) = 17, n ( Y ) = 23 and n ( X ∪ Y ) = 38, find n ( X ∩ Y ).
Solution: Given that
n ( X ) = 17, n ( Y ) = 23 and n ( X ∪ Y ) = 38
n ( X ∩ Y ) = ?
n(X ∪ Y ) = n(X) + n(Y) - n(X ∩ Y)
=> 38 = 17 + 23 - n(X ∩ Y)
=> 38 = 40 - n(X ∩ Y)
=> n(X ∩ Y) = 40 - 38
=> n(X ∩ Y) = 2
Q2. If X and Y are two sets such that X ∪ Y has 18 elements, X has 8 elements and Y has 15 elements ; how many elements does X ∩ Y have?
Solution: Given that;
n ( X ) = 8, n ( Y ) = 15 and n ( X ∪ Y ) = 18
n ( X ∩ Y ) = ?
n(X ∪ Y ) = n(X) + n(Y) - n(X ∩ Y)
=> 18 = 8 + 15 - n(X ∩ Y)
=> 18 = 23 - n(X ∩ Y)
=> n(X ∩ Y) = 23 - 18
=> n(X ∩ Y) = 5
Q3. In a group of 400 people, 250 can speak Hindi and 200 can speak English. How many people can speak both Hindi and English?
Solution:
Let the people can speak hindi be n(H) = 250,
The people can speak English be n(E) = 200 and
and Total people be n(H ∪ E) = 400
and people can speak both Hindi and English be n(H ∩ E) = ?
n(H ∪ E) = n(H) + n(E) – n(H ∩ E)
∴ 400 = 250 + 200 – n(H ∩ E)
⇒ 400 = 450 – n(H ∩ E)
⇒ n(H ∩ E) = 450 – 400
∴ n(H ∩ E) = 50
Thus, 50 people can speak both Hindi and English.
Q4. If S and T are two sets such that S has 21 elements, T has 32 elements, and S ∩ T has 11 elements, how many elements does S ∪ T have?
Solution: Given that: n(S) = 21, n(T) = 32, n(S ∩ T) = 11
We know that: n (S ∪ T) = n (S) + n (T) – n (S ∩ T)
∴ n (S ∪ T) = 21 + 32 – 11 = 42
Thus, the set (S ∪ T) has 42 elements.
Q5. If X and Y are two sets such that X has 40 elements, X ∪ Y has 60 elements and X ∩ Y has 10 elements, how many elements does Y have?
Solution:
Given that: n(X) = 40, n(X ∪ Y) = 60, n(X ∩ Y) = 10
We know that:
n(X ∪ Y) = n(X) + n(Y) – n(X ∩ Y)
∴ 60 = 40 + n(Y) – 10
∴ n(Y) = 60 – (40 – 10)
= 60 - 30
= 30
Thus, the set Y has 30 elements.
Q6. In a group of 70 people, 37 like coffee, 52 like tea and each person likes at least one of the two drinks. How many people like both coffee and tea?
Solution:
Let C denote the set of people who like coffee, and T denote the set of people who like tea then
n(C ∪ T) = 70, n(C) = 37, n(T) = 52
We know that: n(C ∪ T) = n(C) + n(T) – n(C ∩ T)
∴ 70 = 37 + 52 – n(C ∩ T)
⇒ 70 = 89 – n(C ∩ T)
⇒ n(C ∩ T) = 89 – 70 = 19
Thus, 19 people like both coffee and tea.
Q7. In a group of 65 people, 40 like cricket, 10 like both cricket and tennis. How many like tennis only and not cricket? How many like tennis?
Solutions:
Let C denote the set of people who like cricket, and T denote the set of people who like tennis then-
∴ n(C ∪ T) = 65, n(C) = 40, n(C ∩ T) = 10
We know that: n(C ∪ T) = n(C) + n(T) – n(C ∩ T)
∴ 65 = 40 + n(T) – 10
⇒ 65 = 30 + n(T)
⇒ n(T) = 65 – 30 = 35
Therefore, 35 people like tennis.
Now,
(T – C) ∪ (T ∩ C) = T
Also,
(T – C) ∩ (T ∩ C) = Φ
∴ n (T) = n (T – C) + n (T ∩ C)
⇒ 35 = n (T – C) + 10
⇒ n (T – C) = 35 – 10 = 25
Thus, 25 people like only tennis.
Q8. In a committee, 50 people speak French, 20 speak Spanish and 10 speak both Spanish and French. How many speak at least one of these two languages?
Solution:
Let F be the set of people in the committee who speak French, and
S be the set of people in the committee who speak Spanish then-
∴ n(F) = 50, n(S) = 20, n(S ∩ F) = 10
We know that: n(S ∪ F) = n(S) + n(F) – n(S ∩ F)
= 20 + 50 – 10
= 70 – 10 = 60
Thus, 60 people in the committee speak at least one of the two languages.
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See other sub-topics of this chapter:
1. Exercise 1.1 class 11 Chap-1. Sets
2. Exercise 1.2 class 11 Chap-1. Sets
3. Exercise 1.3 class 11 Chap-1. Sets
4. Exercise 1.4 class 11 Chap-1. Sets
5. Exercise 1.5 class 11 Chap-1. Sets
6. Exercise 1.6 class 11 Chap-1. Sets
7. Miscellaneous class 11 Chap-1. Sets
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Mathematics Chapter List
1. Sets
2. Relations and Functions
3. Trigonometric Functions
4. Principle Of Mathematical Induction
5. Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
6. Linear Inequalities
7. Permutations and Combinations
8. Binomial Theorem
9. Sequences and Series
10. Straight Lines
11. Conic Sections
12. Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry
13. Limits and Derivatives
14. Mathematical Reasoning
15. Statistics
16. Probability